The SOLAR-CMP10A series MPPT solar controller employs maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology to achieve real-time optimization of the solar panel's operating point, thereby maximizing the power transfer from the photovoltaic (PV) system to the battery. This significantly enhances PV charging efficiency. The controller's precise regulation of charging current and voltage makes it particularly suitable for lithium battery charging applications, especially in small off-grid solar power systems. 

Additionally, the controller offers multiple operation modes, including automatic, light-controlled, and manual modes, as well as a test mode designed for engineering installation and commissioning.

    1. MPPT Technology Compatible with Gel, AGM, Lithium, and Other Battery Types
    2. Peak Conversion Efficiency Reaches up to 98%
    3. High Tracking Efficiency of 99%
    4. Automatic 12V/24V System Detection
    5. Time-Based Load Control with Timer and Dimmer Functionality
    6. Maximum Output Efficiency of 96%
    7. Aluminum Housing for Enhanced Cooling Performance
    8. Optional Motion Sensor Functionality

①PV indicator (green) ②Battery indicator (red/green) ③Load indicator (yellow) ④IR communication connector 

⑤PV connection terminal  ⑥Battery connection terminal   ⑦Load connection terminal  ⑧Installation hole

A. PV Indicator

B. Battery Indicator

C. Load Indicator

Install the controller in a location free from direct sunlight, high temperatures, and risk of immersion. Pay special attention to the radiator beneath the device, which is designed to reduce the operating temperature during full-power operation. Ensure that no obstructions impede heat dissipation, allowing for effective cooling through natural convection. For installations in confined spaces, such as lamp posts, orient the radiator fins along the airflow direction to optimize heat dissipation.

A commonly recommended connection method used by professional electricians is outlined below. Please connect each wire of the controller according to standard procedures.

All supplied wires for the controller come with pre-cut insulation, facilitating easy stripping during connection and preventing short circuits caused by contact between exposed wires. During installation, please follow the steps below and avoid removing the insulation from all six wires simultaneously.

Interconnect the copper wires from the controller lead and the load lead by crossing them, then twist the rear sections tightly around each other. This wiring method ensures a large contact area and high connection strength, thereby providing a reliable long-term connection. Ensure that all connectors are securely tightened. For mobile applications, it is advisable to secure the wires with cable ties to prevent connector loosening due to wire vibration.

Wrap the exposed parts of the wires with waterproof insulation tape. To ensure long-term reliability, use high-pressure rubber self-adhesive tape as the inner layer and electrical tape as the outer layer. Implement measures to prevent aging and detachment of the electrical tape, which could lead to short-circuit accidents in humid and hot environments over extended periods.

Standard wiring is essential for ensuring long-term reliable system operation. Loose or unstable wire connections can result in excessive resistance, leading to overheating at connection points. In such cases, the insulation on the wires may prematurely age, which can subsequently cause short circuits, open circuits, and other failures.

For safety reasons, please complete the wiring in the following order: 
    1. Load Connection

    2. Battery Connection
    3. Solar Panel Connection

1. Load Connection:
As the controller has not yet started operation, there will be no response from the controller after connecting the load.

2. Battery Connection:
Before connecting the battery, ensure that the battery voltage is higher than 9V to initiate controller operation. For a 24V system, ensure the battery voltage is not lower than 18V. After completing the battery connection, the controller will start working. Approximately 10 seconds later, the load will automatically turn on to confirm correct wiring.

3. Solar Panel Connection:
The controller supports both standard 12V and 24V solar panel components, as well as those with an open-circuit input voltage not exceeding the specified maximum input voltage. Ensure that the voltage at the highest power point of the solar panels is not lower than the battery voltage.

If you are using a battery other than a 12V LiFePO₄, configuration is required via a RS485 to USB cable (sold separately) and software on your PC. Please follow the steps below:

A. Download and install the Linovision PC configuration software "LINOVISION Tool Box" from the link provided.

B. Connect the RS485 to USB cable, Red wire to terminal A, Blue wire to terminal B. Plug the USB end into your PC, then connect the XT60 interface to the battery.

C. Run the "LINOVISION Tool Box". Select the corresponding port. Set the device model to Solar-CMP10A/POE-804G-Solar, then click "Start" and "Config" to enter the configuration interface.

The SOLAR-CMP10A can be used with a gateway to enable data monitoring on the cloud platform. For details, please refer to the link below.

The controller employs Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology to extract the maximum power from the solar modules. The tracking algorithm is fully automatic and requires no user adjustment. MPPT technology continuously tracks the array's maximum power point voltage (Vmp), which varies with weather conditions, ensuring optimal power harvesting throughout the day.

Charging of Lead-Acid or Gel Batteries:
The controller manages battery charging according to predefined charging profiles for different types of cells. If the cell type configured in the controller is lead-acid or gel battery, the entire charging process consists of three stages: fast charge, equalization charge, and float charge.

a. Trickle Pre-Charge Stage:
    At the beginning of the charging process, if the battery voltage is too low, the controller initiates a trickle pre-charge stage to protect the battery from damage caused by high current impacts. During this stage, the controller charges the battery with a small current. Once the battery voltage has sufficiently improved, the controller transitions to the fast charge stage.

b. Fast Charge Stage:
    When the battery voltage has not yet reached the set threshold, the controller provides maximum solar power to charge the battery. During the fast charge stage, the solar panel and battery are directly connected, with the solar panel voltage clamped at the battery voltage.

c. Equalization Charge Stage:
    Once the equalization charge voltage is reached, pulse width modulation (PWM) is activated. The controller maintains the battery voltage at the set level to prevent overcharging. This stage typically lasts for 2 hours before transitioning to the float charge stage.

d. Float Charge Stage:
    In this phase, the battery requires minimal additional power. However, the controller continues to provide a weak charging current to meet the power consumption needs of small loads and compensate for self-discharge. This ensures that the battery remains in a fully charged state, extending its service life.

Charging of Lithium battery:

When the battery type selected is lithium, the controller adjusts its charging profile to accommodate the specific charging characteristics of lithium batteries.

a. Trickle Pre-Charge Stage:
    At the beginning of the charging process, if the battery voltage is too low, the controller initiates a trickle pre-charge stage to protect the battery from damage caused by high current impacts. During this stage, the controller charges the battery with a small current. Once the battery voltage has sufficiently improved, the controller transitions to the fast charge stage.

b. Fast Charge Stage:
    When the battery voltage has not yet reached the set threshold, the controller provides maximum solar power to charge the battery. During the fast charge stage, the solar panel and battery are directly connected, with the solar panel voltage clamped at the battery voltage.

c. Constant-Voltage Charge Stage:
    Once the battery voltage reaches the predefined level, the constant-current charge phase ends, and the controller enters the constant-voltage charge phase. As the charging process continues, the current gradually decreases from its maximum level based on the battery's saturation degree. For a single-string battery, this charge voltage is typically set to 4.2V. The specific voltage should be adjusted according to the parameters provided by the battery manufacturer. (Note: C represents the ratio between the cell's nominal capacity and the charging current. For example, for a cell capacity of 1000mAh, 1C means a charging current of 1000mA.)

d. Charge Termination Stage:
    During the constant-voltage charge phase, the controller monitors the charging current. When the charging current drops to the end-of-charge current, typically 0.02C, the charging process is terminated.

Discharge Operation Mode:
    The SOLAR-CMP10A series controller is designed to operate automatically and unattended, following predefined operational modes.

3.2.1 Manual work mode

Manual Mode:
    When used in an independent power system, the controller defaults to "manual ON/OFF" mode. By pressing the F1 button on the RC-3 remote control, users can manually activate or deactivate the controller output. If the controller is restarted, its operating status will remain unaffected.

3.2.2 Auto work mode

Automatic Operation with Two Modes:
    The controller supports both light control mode and automatic mode, which can be used in conjunction with the LED driver to manage solar street lights. When the PV voltage remains continuously higher than the set light control voltage for more than two minutes (adjustable between 20 seconds and 10 minutes), the controller determines that the system is in daytime mode. Conversely, when the PV voltage remains continuously lower than the set light control voltage for more than two minutes, the controller determines that the system is in nighttime mode.

a. Light-Control Mode:
    In this mode, the controller automatically closes the output during the daytime and opens the output at night.

b. Automatic Mode:
    In this mode, the controller closes the output during the daytime and allows the output to operate in six different periods at night. The sixth period corresponds to the morning light period.

3.2.3 Test

Testing Mode:
    This mode is designed for system testing and closely mirrors the complete light-control mode. The primary difference is the elimination of the delay time before optical signal determination, while all other functions remain intact. This facilitates the verification of proper system functionality during installation and testing.

This protocol is suitable for communication control of the SOLAR-CMP10A device.

6.2.1 Hardware Interface:
The hardware interface is a 485 interface with red line A and blue line B, operating in half-duplex mode.

6.2.2 Baud Rate:
The baud rate is set to 9600 bps, with 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.

6.2.3 Signaling Types:
There are four types of signaling: read parameters, write parameters, state control, and response.

6.2.4 Message Format:
The message format consists of prefix + signaling type + data length + data + checksum. Each component is described as follows:

- Prefix: One byte in length, indicating the transmitting device number. 0x40 represents the CMP10A terminal, while 0x20 refers to the sending set.
- Signaling Type: One byte in length, with the following values:
- 0x01: Read CMP10A terminal parameters.
- 0x02: Write CMP10A terminal parameters.
- 0x03: Clear abnormal state instruction. If there is no abnormal state and the CMP10A terminal is in manual mode, it remains unchanged; if there is no abnormal state and the CMP10A terminal is not in manual mode, it enters test mode upon receiving a test instruction.
- Data Length: One byte in length, representing the actual byte length of the subsequent data.
- Data: The length is defined by the Data Length field and contains the CMP10A controller parameters (refer to the attached table).
- Checksum: One byte in length, calculated as the sum of prefix + command + data length + data bytes, retaining only the lowest byte.

6.2.5 Signal Response Modes:
- When the master device issues a read instruction, the controller responds with the requested data (see the message read example).
- When the master device issues a write instruction, the controller confirms the write operation (see the message write example).
- When the master device issues a state control command, the controller executes the command without providing a response.

6.2.6 Data format:

Schedule: Definition of the Data Area
When the CMP10A terminal responds to a read command from the master device, it must include all data fields specified in the table and none can be omitted.

When the master device sends the write command to the CMP10A terminal, all data bits in the table must be included and cannot be omitted.

Data shall be defined in order in the table, in the following format.